Structural Stiffness General Optimization Technology of Machine Tools Based on Modal Analysis

SUN Yewang; CAO Ye; SUN Songtao; YANG Qiujuan; YANG Luwei

doi:10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.06.062

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Structural Stiffness General Optimization Technology of Machine Tools Based on Modal Analysis

更新时间：2025-10-30

- Structural Stiffness General Optimization Technology of Machine Tools Based on Modal Analysis
- Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Vol. 65, Issue 6, Pages: 62-67(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院理化技术研究所热力过程节能技术北京市重点实验室,北京,100190
  2. 北京理工大学,北京,100081
  3. 中国人民解放军 32368 部队,北京,100190
  4. 北特圣迪科技发展有限公司,北京,100028
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.06.062
  CLC：
- Published：2022
- 稿件说明：
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孙椰望，曹也，孙松涛，杨秋娟，杨鲁伟. 基于模态特性的机床高刚度结构共性优化设计技术研究[J]. 航空制造技术, 2022, 65(6): 62-67/75.

SUN Yewang，CAO Ye，SUN Songtao，YANG Qiujuan，YANG Luwei. Structural Stiffness General Optimization Technology of Machine Tools Based on Modal Analysis. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2022, 65(6): 62-67/75.
孙椰望，曹也，孙松涛，杨秋娟，杨鲁伟. 基于模态特性的机床高刚度结构共性优化设计技术研究[J]. 航空制造技术, 2022, 65(6): 62-67/75. DOI： 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.06.062.

SUN Yewang，CAO Ye，SUN Songtao，YANG Qiujuan，YANG Luwei. Structural Stiffness General Optimization Technology of Machine Tools Based on Modal Analysis. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2022, 65(6): 62-67/75. DOI： 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.06.062.

摘要

针对机床高刚度优化设计的共性技术问题，鉴于机床结构复杂和尺寸较大导致的数值迭代优化算法分析不足、优化加工试验成本较高的弊端，采用有限元模态分析和试验模态分析相结合的方法进行精密立式加工中心和龙门镗铣床的机床结构动态刚度优化设计。结果表明，在简化机床结构运动副的刚度阻尼等部件结合面的情况下，机床的有限元模态分析结果能够较好地揭示机床结构的动态特性，并结合试验模态分析结果，能够获取准确的模态参数；基于振型和模态参数，进一步指导机床结构的动刚度薄弱区，实现结构的优化设计，促进立式加工中心和龙门镗铣床低阶频率分别提升 10% 和 40% 以上，验证了优化分析方法在机床结构优化设计分析过程的良好适用性。

Abstract

Aiming at the stiffness optimization key problems of machine tools

due to insufficient analysis of numerical iterative optimization algorithm and high cost of optimization machining test caused by complex structure and large size of machine tool

this paper provided the method of combining finite element modal analysis and experimental modal analysis to optimize the dynamic stiffness of machine tools including the vertical and gantry boring-milling CNC machine tools. Combined with the modal test analysis and FEM

the results show that without considering the stiffness and damping of moving pairs of machine tools

the simplified FEM modal analysis of the machine tool could better reveal the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure. According to the weak area of the dynamic stiffness of the structure

the low-order frequencies of the machine tools are increased by more than 10% and 40% respectively. Importantly

it is showed that the optimization analysis method could be applied to the analysis process of structural general optimization design.

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