Laser processing technology is distinguished by its high degree of precision and versatility

which enables the processing of a diverse range of materials

including metals and non-metals. It has been employed extensively in industrial sectors

including aviation

automotive

and shipbuilding. However

conventional laser processing has certain limitations. These include the low efficiency of ultrafast laser processing

the thermal effects on the surface of conventional laser processing

and the formation of recast layers. In order to address these issues

laser liquid composite processing technology has emerged and flourished. The incorporation of liquid not only enhances the overall efficiency of laser processing but also markedly improves the quality of the resulting product. During the processing

the liquid fulfils the functions of a coolant

lubricant

and cleaning agent

effectively eliminating the heat-affected zone and recast layer. The implementation of liquid cooling and flushing facilitates the expeditious removal of processed products

thereby enhancing surface quality and further optimizing processing efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest research developments in the field of laser liquid composite processing

with a specific focus on water-assisted laser processing technology and electrolyte-assisted laser processing technology. Additionally

it provides an outlook on their future development directions.