MXene

as a novel two-dimensional material

exhibits significant application potential in the field of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding due to its excellent electrical conductivity

mechanical properties

and chemical stability. This paper aims to comprehensively review and analyze recent research progress on MXene composites

systematically establishing the intrinsic relationship between their structural characteristics

preparation techniques

and performance. Firstly

the electromagnetic shielding mechanisms of MXene and its diverse preparation methods are summarized; subsequently

the focus is on the macro-structural design of MXene-based composites

with an in-depth analysis of the effects of thin-film

porous

and gradient structures on their electromagnetic shielding effectiveness. This analysis not only covers the modulation mechanisms of structural morphology on electromagnetic wave absorption

reflection

and scattering behaviors but also reveals the scientific laws of structure-performance relationships. Finally

current challenges faced by MXene-based EMI shielding composites are comprehensively evaluated

and potential opportunities in future research are prospected

aiming to provide scientific guidance for the further development and application of MXene-based electromagnetic shielding materials.