针对 TC4 钛合金叶片在喷丸强化过程中受残余应力易产生形变的问题,对钛合金叶片喷丸过程进行数值分析及试验研究。首先,确定了叶片的喷丸参数,通过单弹丸的喷丸模拟找到喷丸速度和残余应力之间的对应关系,通过数值模拟和实际检测对比喷丸过程产生的残余应力,从而确定喷丸速度等参数条件。然后,为研究不同喷丸路径对叶片变形量的影响,设计了 3 种喷丸路径工艺。模拟和试验结果表明,叶片在喷丸后的变形主要沿 Y 方向,叶片整体呈现出由内弧侧向背弧侧弯曲的趋势,不同的喷丸路径叶片变形程度不相同,其中采用“背弧–内弧”的喷丸方式时,Y 方向变形量最小,最小值为 0.182mm。叶片不同喷丸路径其变形量不同,找到合适喷丸路径能有效减少叶片喷丸变形,通过模拟和喷丸路径规划针对叶片不同路径喷丸变形大小,在叶片机加工时给予一定的预补偿量使叶片喷丸变形后达到预定的形状。
Abstract
Aiming at the problem that TC4 titanium alloy blade is easy to deform due to residual stress in shot peening process
numerical analysis and experimental study on shot peening process of titanium alloy blade were carried out. Firstly
the shot peening parameters of blade are determined. The corresponding relationship between shot peening speed and residual stress is found by shot peening simulation of single shot. The residual stress generated in shot peening process is compared by numerical simulation and actual detection
so as to determine the parameters such as shot peening speed. Then
in order to study the influence of different shot peening sequence on blade deformation
three shot peening path technologies are designed to realize the planning of blade shot peening path
and the reliability of the planning path is verified by experiments. The simulation and experimental results show that the deformation of the blade is mainly along the Y–direction after shot peening
and the deformation trend of the blade is from the inner arc side to the back arc side. The deformation degree of the blade varies with different shot peening paths. When the “back arc inner arc” shot peening method is adopted
the deformation in the Y–direction is the smallest
and the minimum value is 0.182mm. The deformation of blade is different with different shot peening paths. Finding an appropriate shot peening path can effectively reduce the blade’s shot peening deformation. Based on the simulation and shot peening path planning
a certain amount of pre-compensation is given in the machining process to make the blade reach the predetermined shape after shot peening deformation.