Advanced composite structures have been widely applied in aircraft. Compared with traditional metallic materials

their application not only enables the lightweight aircraft design but also enhances damage tolerance. The harsh service environment and complex load conditions pose severe challenges to the aerospace composite structures. Therefore

health monitoring of composite structures has become an inevitable way to ensure the in-service safety of aircraft. This paper analyzes the damage mechanism and typical damage modes of composite structures

and introduces the health monitoring requirements of aerospace composite structures. Regarding the monitoring of macroscopic and microscopic damage

health status

and lifespan of aircraft composite structures

the application status of traditional monitoring methods is summarized. Research progress of advanced structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies

such as flexible electronic skins and selfpowered sensors

is introduced. Innovative application of intelligence technologies such as multi-sensor data fusion technology

digital twin and machine learning in the SHM system of aerospace composite structures is also discussed. A brief overview of the practical engineering applications of SHM technology in aerospace sector

both domestically and internationally

is presented

and the future research priorities for its future development directions and intelligence are discussed

which offers reference for the research on the health monitoring of aerospace composite structures.