基于磨料射流抛光的新型抛光液制备及抛光性能研究

唐清春; 杨鸿昆; 陈逢军; 刘新宇; 吴亚文; 黄文桂

doi:10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.25020116

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基于磨料射流抛光的新型抛光液制备及抛光性能研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-06-16

- 基于磨料射流抛光的新型抛光液制备及抛光性能研究
- 航空制造技术 2026年69卷第10期页码：119-126
- 作者机构：
  
  广西科技大学，柳州 545616
  温州理工学院，温州 325027
- 作者简介：
  
  陈逢军，教授，博士，研究方向为超精密加工。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52375424;52165054);浙江省自然科学基金(LZ24E050001);温州市科技计划(G2023050;X2023108)
- DOI：10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.25020116
  中图分类号： V262;TG175
- 收稿：2025-04-21，
  
  修回：2025-06-16，
  
  录用：2025-07-03，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-15
- 稿件说明：
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引文格式：唐清春，杨鸿昆，陈逢军，等.基于磨料射流抛光的新型抛光液制备及抛光性能研究[J].航空制造技术，2026, 69（10）：25020116.

TANG Qingchun, YANG Hongkun, CHEN Fengjun, et al. Development of a novel polishing fluid for abrasive jet polishing and evaluation of its polishing performance[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2026, 69(10): 25020116.
引文格式：唐清春，杨鸿昆，陈逢军，等.基于磨料射流抛光的新型抛光液制备及抛光性能研究[J].航空制造技术，2026, 69（10）：25020116. DOI： 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.25020116.

TANG Qingchun, YANG Hongkun, CHEN Fengjun, et al. Development of a novel polishing fluid for abrasive jet polishing and evaluation of its polishing performance[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2026, 69(10): 25020116. DOI： 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.25020116.

摘要

航空航天发动机是装备制造领域的高端产品。涡轮叶片作为发动机的“心脏”，经高温工作后，其气膜孔内壁产生的油污及沉积物需及时抛光去除以保证发动机的工作性能。由于气膜孔内沉积物覆盖固态油污，与基体结合能力强，目前尚无有效的抛光去除方法。针对这一问题，在磨料水射流基础上，提出一种碳氢液-磨料-分散剂的新型抛光液及抛光工艺。该方法将磨料水射流、高温碳氢除油和分散剂调控抛光液稳定性技术相结合，解决了传统磨料水射流抛光中磨料分散稳定性差、油污去除效率低等难题。试验表明，碳氢液温度每升高20 ℃，油污去除效率提升4～5倍；当采用质量分数2.0%醇脂肪酸酯作为分散剂，且磨料浓度为20 g/dm

时，可显著提高抛光液稳定性，改善抛光效果，使叶片气膜孔表面粗糙度从17.205 μm降至7.810 μm。试验结果证明，所提出的抛光液系统在提升叶片气膜孔的清洁效率和抛光质量方面的可行性，为航空航天复杂部件的清洗抛光提供了一种有效的技术方法。

Abstract

Aerospace engines represent high-end products in the field of advanced equipment manufacturing. As the core component of an engine

turbine blades are subjected to high temperatures during operation

leading to the formation of oil contaminants and deposits on the inner walls of blade gas film pores. To ensure engine performance

these contaminants must be effectively removed. However

due to the presence of solidified oil residues covered by deposits and their strong adhesion to the substrate

existing polishing techniques remain largely ineffective. To address this challenge

a novel polishing fluid and process—based on abrasive water jet polishing—is proposed

consisting of a hydrocarbon solvent

abrasive particles

and a dispersant. This method integrates abrasive jet technology

hightemperature hydrocarbon-based oil removal

and dispersant-assisted stabilization to overcome the limitations of traditional abrasive water jet polishing

such as poor abrasive dispersion stability and low oil removal efficiency. Experimental results show that every 20 ℃ increase in the temperature of the hydrocarbon fluid enhances oil removal efficiency by a factor of 4-5. When alcohol fatty acid esters are

used as the dispersant (at a mass fraction of 2.0%) and the abrasive concentration is maintained at 20 g/dm

the stability of the polishing fluid is significantly improved

leading to enhanced polishing performance. The surface roughness of the blade gas film pore was reduced from 17.205 μm to 7.810 μm. These results confirm the feasibility of the proposed polishing fluid system in improving both the cleaning efficiency and surface quality of blade gas film pores. This study provides an effective technical approach for the cleaning and polishing of complex aerospace components.

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references

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LIN L, JIANG D C, ZHANG Y P, et al. Experimental study on dispersion stability and polishing performance of polishing solution based on micro-abrasive water jet polishing[J]. Applied Sciences, 2024, 14(5): 1785.

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