Error compensation technology is an effective and economical means to improve the accuracy of CNC machine tools. The geometric error

thermal error and cutting force error account for 75% of the total error of the machine tool. Controlling these three errors is the key to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool. This paper summarizes the traditional indirect measurement method and sample test method

and discusses the characteristics of error measurement methods such as ball instrument test

laser measurement

plane orthogonal grating method

round table sample test and S type specimen test. Several main modeling methods and methods of determining error modeling variables are systematically analyzed. The error compensation technology is analyzed from modifying numerical control code

designing external hardware device and error compensator. Finally

combined with the machine tool error measurement

error modeling

error compensation three parts

the key technology of error compensation is summarized

some key problems existing in the precision optimization of CNC machine tools are pointed out

and the future research direction is forecasted to provide reference for the future CNC machine tool error compensation design.